Investment Arbitration

Canada, ICSID Convention, Investment Arbitration, Investment protection, NAFTA, North America

(White & Case)/ /Leave a comment
White & Case

Three different investors, with three different claims, in three different situations, have recently been in the news. All three disputes have a Canadian connection. Two involved claims by foreign investors against Canada, one that settled and one that Canada defeated. The third involves a claim by a Canadian investor against the Democratic Republic of Congo….

BIT, ICSID Convention, Investment Arbitration, Investment protection, Not-for-profit organizations (NGO)

(Investment Arbitration Reporter)/ /Leave a comment

In a recent post, Lisa Bench Nieuwveld raised an issue which has been discussed from time to time on this blog: the potential for not-for-profit activities to be protected under international investment treaties. There is no doubt that not-for-profit organizations face a barrage of abuse and mistreatment at the hands of host countries, and that…

Investment Arbitration, Investment protection, Public Policy, Responsibility of States

(University of Victoria Faculty of Law)/ /1 Comment

On 31 August 2010, a group of over 35 academics (not including the current author), published a Public Statement on the International Investment Regime (Statement).  The preamble to the three-page Statement outlines why the Statement has been issued: We have a shared concern for the harm done to the public welfare by the international investment…

Investment Arbitration, Not-for-profit organizations (NGO)

(Conway & Partners)/ /Leave a comment

It is rather interesting to read in the news about how some governments have chosen to “fund” their own government. One government went so far as to simply clear out the checking accounts of small businesses and not-for-profit organizations (“NGOs”). Another government, not necessarily seeking funding but presumably disagreeing with the purpose and/or presence of…

Africa, BIT, Investment Arbitration

(Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer LLP)/ /1 Comment
YIAG

Following the controversial land reform programme first introduced by President Robert Mugabe in July 2000, Zimbabwe has found itself in hot water of late, with a number of international disputes being brought by dispossessed farmers against the State. The first of these disputes was mounted at ICSID in 2005 by a group of 13 Dutch…

Arbitration Awards, BIT, Investment Arbitration, Jurisdiction

(University of Victoria Faculty of Law)/ /Leave a comment

The 14 July 2010 Award in Saba Fakes v. Turkey (Fakes) is notable because it expressly disapproves of the approach taken by the Tribunal in Phoenix Action v. Czech Republic, which found in its 15 April 2009 Award that good faith and legality are jurisdictional requirements for access to ICSID arbitration. Fakes is a welcome addition to…

Investment Arbitration

(Investment Arbitration Reporter)/ /1 Comment

A string of mainstream media reports are suggesting that Uruguay is looking to compromise with Philip Morris International in relation to a sensitive international arbitration. On Tuesday, The UK-based Guardian newspaper reported that Uruguay has promised to water down anti-smoking laws after pressure from the tobacco giant Philip Morris, prompting accusations of corporate bullying. More…

Arbitration Agreements, BIT, Investment Arbitration, Investment protection

(University of Victoria Faculty of Law)/ /1 Comment

27 June 2010 marks the 20th anniversary of investment treaty jurisprudence.  On 27 June 1990, the tribunal in Asian Agricultural Products Ltd. v. Sri Lanka (ICSID Case No. ARB/87/3) (AAPL) dispatched its final award to the parties.  The AAPL tribunal (Dr. Ahmed Sadek El-Kosheri (President), Professor Berthold Goldman and Dr. Samuel Asante) was the first…

Africa, Investment Arbitration

(Investment Arbitration Reporter)/ /Leave a comment

I spent some time in Namibia and South Africa last December looking into the impact of bilateral investment treaties on land reform. I don’t do a lot of field trips, and my wife harboured some suspicion that this “research venture” was merely a tidy excuse to trade the New York winter for the Southern African…

Arbitration Proceedings, Investment Arbitration

(Investment Arbitration Reporter)/ /3 Comments

The preliminary hearings in the Pacific Rim v. El Salvador CAFTA arbitration went off without a hitch at the start of this week. I’d like to report that I hung on every word via the live webcast that had been arranged by the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes. However, I spent my Monday…

Investment Arbitration

(University of Victoria Faculty of Law)/ /Leave a comment

UNCTAD’s most recent note on investment treaty arbitration (Latest Developments in Investor-State Dispute Settlement, IIA Issues Note No. 1 (2010)) provides a useful overview of the growth in investment treaty arbitration and the major jurisprudential developments in 2009.  According to UNCTAD, the total number of known investor-state cases under investment treaties stood at 357 at…

Investment Arbitration, Middle East

(Notre Dame Law School)/ /Leave a comment

At the recent Northwestern Law School conference on the Israeli-Arab Dispute and International Law I had the good fortune to address one of the few bright spots in current Arab-Israeli relations. Most international law scholars of the Arab-Israeli conflict seem to know little about international trade, and focus almost exclusively on the laws of war…

Arbitration Proceedings, forum non conveniens, Investment Arbitration, North America, South America

(Notre Dame Law School)/ /1 Comment

Yesterday a federal court in New York granted Chevron’s request for discovery of outtakes from the 2009 documentary Crude about the multi-billion dollar litigation in Ecuador. Chevron’s request was pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 1782, which authorizes a judge in the United States to order discovery of evidence to be used in proceedings before a foreign…

Arbitration Awards, Compensation for Moral Damages, Investment Arbitration

(University of Ottawa Faculty of Law, Civil Law Section)/ /Leave a comment

Until very recently, the issue of moral damages had arisen in only a handful of investor-State disputes. However in 2008 and 2009 alone, no less than five arbitration awards discussed the issue. While some tribunals dismissed moral damages claims based on lack of evidence (Pey Casado v. Chile; Biwater v. Tanzania and Europe Cement v….

Arbitration Proceedings, International Courts, Investment Arbitration

(British Institute of International and Comparative Law (BIICL))/ /Leave a comment

King Solomon might have split the baby had he not realised the identity of its parent in time. Judges and arbitrators – some 3,000 years later – might be quicker to identify a company’s real group structure, but are they any better in splitting parent from child-subsidiary? A typical corporate veil piercing case involves a…

Disclosure, Investment Arbitration, Transparency in investment arbitrations

(Investment Arbitration Reporter)/ /5 Comments

I spent yesterday at a Georgetown Law School conference on transparency and international arbitration. Ostensibly focused on arbitration writ large, the event tended to zero in on investor-state arbitration (and investment treaty arbitration more specifically). While various arguments were aired for and against transparency, I was struck (anew) by the extent to which the transparency…

Arbitration Agreements, Arbitration Proceedings, Investment Arbitration

(University of Victoria Faculty of Law)/ /Leave a comment

The principle of good faith arises in investment treaty arbitrations in various contexts. Tribunals, of course, regularly refer to Article 31(1) of the Vienna Convention for the rule that treaties shall be interpreted in good faith. Tribunals have noted that states must perform their treaty obligations in good faith. References to good faith occur in…

Investment Arbitration, Other Issues

(New York Law School)/ /1 Comment
Institute for Transnational Arbitration (ITA)

In the last month, two professors mused to one of the authors that “international investment arbitration is undertheorized”. One of the professors is a serious scholar of international law. The other professor was a former clerk at The Hague and writes about international investment arbitration. Their comment got us thinking: Is international investment arbitration undertheorized?…

Arbitration Awards, International Courts, Investment Arbitration

(US Department of State)/ /Leave a comment
American Society of International Law (ASIL)

The United States and Mexico signed the General Claims Convention of September 8, 1923 and thereby constituted the U.S.-Mexico General Claims Commission.* The Commission was asked to resolve all claims by U.S. and Mexican citizens against the other government for loss or damage to their person or property interests arising out of the period of…

Arbitration Proceedings, Investment Arbitration, South America

(University of Victoria Faculty of Law)/ /1 Comment

In this blog I return to the theme of investor misconduct, albeit in a different context from my previous posts:  host state criminal investigations during investment treaty arbitration proceedings.  This issue has arisen in a number of recent investment treaty arbitrations, most notably in a series of cases against Turkey (Cementownia, Europe Cement and Libananco),…

Arbitration Proceedings, Arbitrators, Energy Charter Treaty, International Courts, Investment Arbitration

(University of Victoria Faculty of Law)/ /3 Comments

I have always found the submission of expert legal opinions on matters of international law to investment treaty tribunals rather odd.  Why are expert opinions needed and what is their status?  To begin, the opinion is submitted to an international arbitration tribunal often comprising leading public international lawyers (and sometimes current or former judges of…

Domestic Courts, Investment Arbitration, North America, South America

(Notre Dame Law School)/ /Leave a comment

In the long-running battle between Chevron and Ecuador over environmental damage, a federal court in New York has denied Ecuador’s motion to stay arbitration of a Ecuador-U.S. BIT claim. In September 2009, Chevron filed a notice of arbitration alleging, among other things, that “Ecuador has breached … the Ecuador-United States BIT, including its obligation to…

Arbitration Proceedings, Investment Arbitration, North America

(International Council for Commercial Arbitration)/ /Leave a comment
Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer

Following the flurry of arbitrations initiated by investors against Argentina based upon Argentine government actions during that country’s 2001-2002 economic crisis, one might have expected the U.S. government’s extensive market interventions during the 2008 global financial crisis to lead similarly to investor claims. The United States bailed out Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, in the…

Arbitration Institutions and Rules, Arbitration Proceedings, Investment Arbitration, Other Issues

(University of Victoria Faculty of Law)/ /1 Comment

Procedural Order No. 3 (Confidentiality Order) dated 27 January 2010 in Giovanna a Beccara and others v. The Argentine Republic (the “Order”) addresses the competing considerations of confidentiality, transparency, public information, equality of the Parties’ rights, and orderly conduct of the proceedings in investment treaty arbitration.  Although the Tribunal’s Order provides a nuanced approach to…