Arbitration, Arbitration Institutions and Rules, ECT Modernisation, International arbitration, Investment Arbitration, ISDS, ISDS Reform, Reform
ECT Modernisation Perspectives: An Introduction
The Energy Charter Treaty (‘ECT’) opened for signature in 1994, entered into force in 1998, and now boasts some 50 member States. The ECT has since given rise to some 130 investor-State arbitrations, making it “the most frequently invoked international investment agreement”. This high use, coupled with a perception that the ECT is frequently invoked…