Enforcement

Australia, BIT, Enforcement, India, Investment Arbitration, Investment Treaties, Investor-State arbitration, New York Convention, Sovereign Immunity

(AnchayilKumar)/ /Leave a comment

The Antrix-Devas saga continues to present twists and turns (see previous coverage on the Blog here, here and here). The latest is the recent decision of the Full Court of the Federal Court of Australia (the “Full Court”) in Republic of India v. CCDM Holdings, LLC & Ors. [2025] FCAFC 2. This decision concerned the…

Annulment, Chile, Enforcement, International Commercial Arbitration, Latin America

(Independent Arbitrator)/ /Leave a comment

On January 30, 2025, the Constitutional Court of Chile issued a decision regarding a request for inapplicability due to the unconstitutionality of certain provisions of Law No. 19,971 on International Commercial Arbitration (“Law No. 19,971” or “International Commercial Arbitration Law”).1)Case Nº 15.144-2024, “Requerimiento de inaplicabilidad por inconstitucionalidad respecto de la expresión ‘sólo’, contenida en los…

Enforcement, France, Limitation period, Reform

(Pinsent Masons)/ /1 Comment

Is there a statute of limitations applicable in France to requests for enforcement of foreign arbitral awards? On 10 December 2024, the Versailles Court of Appeal (the “Court”) responded in the affirmative and ruled that a request was time barred for having been filed more than 5 years after the issuance of the award (Case…

Arbitration, Enforcement, New York Convention

(Advocate of the High Courts, Pakistan)/ /Leave a comment

In SpaceCom v Wateen Telecom, SpaceCom applied to the Lahore High Court (the “LHC”) for recognition and enforcement of awards rendered by a DIFC-LCIA tribunal (the “Tribunal”) under the Recognition and Enforcement (Arbitral Agreements and Foreign Arbitral Awards) Act, 2011 (the “Act”), which implements the New York Convention (the “NYC”). The awards were rendered in…

Enforcement, Enforcement of arbitration agreement, French Supreme Court, Jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal, Paris Court of Appeal, Pathological arbitration agreement

(Université Paris Cité)/ /Leave a comment

The famous saga Sultan de Sulu is coming to an end in France with the French Cour de cassation (Cass. Civ. 1re 6 November 2024, hereinafter the “Ruling”) upholding the Paris Court of Appeal’s decision to refuse the enforcement of the preliminary award whereby the sole arbitrator affirmed his jurisdiction and determined the seat of…

BIT, Enforcement, India

, (Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas)/ /Leave a comment

The new bilateral investment treaty (“BIT”) between India and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) entered into force on 31 August 2024 (replacing an earlier 2013 treaty between the two nations). Aside from generating optimism for future trade, it heralds good news in relation to concerns around enforcing investor-State awards in India—at least for this BIT….

Arbitration Procedure, Enforcement, Paris Court of Appeal, Recognition and enforcement of arbitral award

(University Paris-Est Créteil)/ /Leave a comment

Service of documents against States raises the usual question of its validity or effectiveness with a particular acuity. Whilst the parties willing to communicate electronically may accommodate communication procedures accordingly, when it comes to service of documents against sovereigns, the electronic mode, due to its derogatory nature, must be duly agreed upon by States and…

Canada, Enforcement, Investor-State arbitration, State Immunity

(McGill University, Faculty of Law)/ /Leave a comment

In Republic of India v CCDM Holdings (2024 QCCA 1620), the Quebec Court of Appeal (“the Court”) recently confirmed that India had waived its immunity from enforcement and reinstated a pre-judgment attachment of State assets which a first instance decision had previously quashed. Given creditors’ perennial efforts to have their awards enforced against States that…

2024 in Review, Achmea, Anti-suit injunction, Colombia, Enforcement, English courts, Immunity, Intra-EU Investment Arbitration, Intra-EU ISDS, Sovereign Immunity, UK, United States, United States Courts

(Herbert Smith Freehills)/ /Leave a comment

The doctrine of sovereign immunity has long been a cornerstone of international law, shielding states from enforcement actions. Sovereign immunity can be subdivided in two: immunity from jurisdiction and immunity from execution. While immunity from jurisdiction means that domestic courts are prevented to hear and decide cases involving another sovereign state, immunity from execution precludes…

2024 in Review, Arbitration Agreements, Dutch Supreme Court, Enforcement, Exequatur, Multi-tiered clauses, Netherlands, Netherlands Arbitration Institute, Set aside an arbitral award

(Avizor Advocates & Arbitrators)/ /Leave a comment

Following the Blog’s tradition of “year-in-review” series, this post reflects on the key arbitration developments in the Netherlands in 2024. What emerges from this review is the Netherlands’ strong arbitration-friendly culture, notably reflected in the release of the 2024 Netherlands Arbitration Institute (“NAI”) Arbitration Rules and a pro-arbitration stance in court decisions. However, a notable…

Awards, ECT Withdrawal, Energy Charter Treaty, Enforceability, Enforcement, ICSID, ICSID Arbitration, Spain, United States Courts

(NL-Investmentconsulting)/ /Leave a comment

The third updated edition of the “Report on compliance with investment treaty awards by States” (the “2024 Report”) was released in November 2024. The Report was conducted in the summer of 2024 by the present author (see for coverage of the 2023 version of the report here and here). In light of the termination of intra-EU international…

China, Enforcement, New York Convention, RIDW, Sanctions

(Hui Zhong Law Firm)/ /Leave a comment

In an era increasingly defined by unilateral economic sanctions, international arbitration faces a new set of challenges. Sanctions are not only imposed on the parties but can also implicate arbitrators, as seen in Macquarie Bank Ltd v China Wanda Group Co., Ltd, (2021) Hu 74 Xie Wai Ren No.1, which concerns the enforcement of a…

Enforcement, Netherlands

(OSK Advocaten)/ /Leave a comment

In Case No. ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2024:947, the Appeal Court in Amsterdam granted leave to enforce an arbitral award despite the applicant being unable to produce the original arbitration agreement or a duly certified copy thereof, as prescribed by article IV(1) of the New York Convention. This post assesses this decision and similar decisions against the background of…

Arbitration Institutions and Rules, Asia-Pacific, Enforcement, Japan, Japan Commercial Arbitration Association, JCAA

(Utsunomiya Chuo Attorneys at Law), (Albert Luk’s Chambers), and (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries)/ /Leave a comment

From 20 to 22 November 2024, the Japan Commercial Arbitration Association (JCAA) hosted the second edition of the JCAA Arbitration Days, as part of the inaugural Japan International Arbitration Week (JIAW) in Tokyo.  This article reports on the second day of the JCAA Arbitration Days, held in hybrid format on 21 November 2024.  The panels…

Arbitration, Enforcement, Exequatur, Netherlands

, (Staunch)/ /Leave a comment

The Court of Appeal of Amsterdam (the “Court”) recently granted leave to enforce a foreign ICC award in the Netherlands, despite fraud allegations and pending setting-aside proceedings in France. The Court (i) accepted territorial jurisdiction on the basis of the claimant’s plausible intent to enforce within the jurisdiction, (ii) examined the fraud allegations with a…

DIAC, DIFC, Enforceability, Enforcement, Enforcement of an arbitration clause, MENA, New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards

(Blanke Arbitration LLC)/ /Leave a comment

In a recent ruling of 20 June 2024 (ARB 009/2024 Narcisco v. Nash), the Dubai International Financial Centre (“DIFC”) Court of First Instance (“DIFC CFI”) was asked, as part of a wider investigation to grant an anti-suit injunction, to consider the validity of an arbitration agreement that provided for arbitration under the DIFC-London Court of…

Colombia, Enforcement, ICSID Arbitration, Immunity, Latin America, Recognition

, , (Brigard Urrutia)/ /Leave a comment

Rusoro Mining Ltd. (“Rusoro”), a Canadian corporation, filed an investment claim against The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (“Venezuela”), pursuant to the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (“ICSID”) Additional Facility Arbitration (“AF”) Rules of April 2006 (Case No. ARB(AF)/12/5). Rusoro claimed that, between 2009 and 2010, Venezuela expropriated its investment over mining rights and…

Enforcement, Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements, Hague Judgements Convention, International arbitration, Judgment, Recognition

(Brunel University London)/ /Leave a comment

On 27 June 2024, the United Kingdom (“UK”) ratified the Convention of 2 July 2019 on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments in Civil or Commercial Matters (“2019 Hague Convention” or “Convention”), with 1 July 2025 being the expected date of its entry into force in England and Wales. This blog post shall first…

Ecuador, Enforcement, Latin America, New York Convention, Recognition and enforcement of arbitral award

(Pérez Bustamante & Ponce and Universidad San Francisco de Quito) and (Pérez Bustamente & Ponce)/ /Leave a comment

Through Ruling No. 3232-19-EP/24, Ecuador’s Constitutional Court (“Court”) settled a long-standing discussion and confirmed that recognition prior to the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards is an unreasonable requirement in light of the Ecuadorian legal system. In this post, we describe the factual background of the Court’s ruling and examine the procedural issues underlying the recent…

Anti-enforcement Injunction, Energy Charter Treaty, Enforcement, Germany, Injunction, Intra-EU Investment Arbitration, Intra-EU ISDS, Investment Arbitration, Spain

(University of Cologne (International Investment Law Centre))/ /Leave a comment

On 12 April 2024, the Regional Court of Essen (“LG Essen”) dismissed Spain’s request for an anti-enforcement injunction of an intra-EU investor-state arbitration award (2 O 447/22). The LG Essen held that anti-enforcement injunctions are inadmissible because they violate state sovereignty. This blog post will cover the facts and background of the decision, examine the…

Arbitration Award, Chinese Arbitration Law, Enforcement

(Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP), (JunHe LLP), and / /Leave a comment

It is well-recognized in the world of international arbitration that the curial courts—those at the seat of the arbitration—have supervisory jurisdiction over their local arbitral proceedings (the so-called “seat standard”). Despite this, Chinese courts have historically been reluctant to take on the mantle of this supervisory jurisdiction for arbitrations administered by foreign arbitration institutions within…

Annulment, Enforcement, Investor-State arbitration, Public Policy, Swiss Private International Law Act, Switzerland

(Walder Wyss)/ /Leave a comment

On 26 April 2024, the Swiss Federal Supreme Court (“SFSC”) rendered decision 4A_486/2023, upholding the unpublished Final Award in Clorox Spain S.L. v. Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (“Clorox v. Venezuela”) (PCA Case No. 2015-30). In the underlying investment treaty arbitration, Clorox sought compensation for the alleged expropriation and unfair treatment of its investment by Venezuela,…

Canada, Enforcement, Interim measures, UNCITRAL Model Law

(Woods LLP)/ /Leave a comment

The Supreme Court of Canada (“SCC”) recently delivered a judgment which, while dealing primarily with the issue of bank guarantees, serves as a window into a Paris-seated ICC arbitration between a Canadian aircraft manufacturer Bombardier inc. and the Hellenic Ministry of Defense (“HMOD”). The case of Eurobank Ergasias v. Bombardier inc. brings to the forefront…

Arbitration Awards, Enforcement, New York Convention, Supreme Court of Pakistan

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The recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Pakistan has been a subject of significant legal scrutiny and development. The Supreme Court of Pakistan has recently issued a landmark judgment aimed at clarifying and rectifying the legal framework surrounding this issue, aligning it more closely with international standards.    Historical Background Historically, the enforcement…