…host country to be substantial. Further, “indirect” expropriation provisions in BITs and FTAs provide property rights not available in many nations’ domestic legal systems. Under ISDR, governments can be required…

…These are not, however, insurmountable obstacles. Several of the legal issues can be resolved by predicating participation on consent and support from the arbitration community. Arbitrator webpages would be created…

…agreement, the defendants commenced arbitration proceedings under the Singapore International Arbitration Centre Rules 2010 (SIAC Rules). They successfully applied to the tribunal for an interim order under r26.1 of the