…substantive standards in investment treaty arbitrations, and encompasses both procedural and substantive elements. Procedurally, fair and equitable treatment requires a State to afford due process to investments. One tribunal has…

…potential issues with videoconferencing and to address them effectively by, for example, making necessary preparations in advance. We discuss three such issues below.   Due Process and Videoconferencing The following…

…certain countries, schedules had to be constantly amended and communicated to participants to accommodate teams; thus, we had to ensure that a smooth communication process with teams was well thought…

…the arbitral community’s attempt to find a middle-ground. This set of rules is intended to provide an efficient, economical and fair process for the taking of evidence, particularly between parties…

…III reform process, click here. References[+] References ↑1 For instance, such innovation is under discussion among Italian competent authorities within the currently pending process of reviewing the Italian BIT model….

…of the tribunal, potentially (re)politicizing investment disputes. The reality is that it is extremely difficult to dispel the appearance of politicization of the process when states are the only source…

…order would only weight as evidence during this judicial process. Judge Boztaş defended his position by highlighting the principle of the courts’ independent decision-making. He suggested that the legislator had…

…the process. As the majority of arbitration cases handled by arbitral institutions in Georgia are related to consumer loans between financial institutions and individuals,9) Report, at p. 11. the party…