…doubt still speculative. There may be a case for different approaches to the pre-contractual expenditure issue between cases of tendering process and the investor as a sole negotiator for the…

…Similarly, I argue that abuse of process and egregious forms of investor misconduct can be the basis for denying the admissibility of a claim. Although the tribunal has jurisdiction, the…

…Methanex tribunal operationalized the principle by declaring that non-discriminatory regulations enacted for public purposes in accordance with due process fall outside the scope of expropriation. Most recently, in 2009, the…