…alternative treaties, ideally involving non-EU member states, given the growing limitations on intra-EU BITs due to the CJEU’s Achmea judgment (covered, here), which has significantly impacted the enforceability of intra-EU

…many treaties do not expressly define “property.” Switzerland’s bilateral investment treaties (“BITs”) are apt to consider for this issue given the Swiss ETS and the EU ETS are linked. “Movable…

…finally to the U.S. approach on the enforcement of annulled awards.   Enforcement of Intra-EU Awards Sebastiano Nessi opened the floor by addressing the enforcement of intra-EU awards in and…