On 2 May 2025, a three-member tribunal constituted under the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement (“TCA”) published its ruling in a dispute brought by the European Union (“EU”) against the United Kingdom (“UK”) government. The case was noteworthy as the first to be heard under the dispute resolution provisions of the TCA, the agreement that…

The EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (“TCA”), concluded on 24 December 2020 and provisionally applicable since the end of the transition period on 31 December 2020, regulates the relationship of the EU and the UK after Brexit. It forms a basis for an evolving relationship between the Parties and may further change, depending on scrutiny…

With the unfolding global pandemic, Brexit has largely taken a back seat. Yet, with the transition period due to end (at the time of writing) in just a few months, it is more important than ever to consider the implications for public international law (PIL) of the UK’s departure from the European Union. Exactly four…