…subject to the good will of their home states. It is not clear how this result should be beneficial to an international rules-based order.   Towards an Honest ISDS Reform…

…widely available across jurisdictions. The ability to bring an appeal against a tribunal’s decision on the substantive issues in dispute is not. The rules of major arbitral institutions generally exclude…

…obligations stemming from the Latvia-Norway BIT and the 1920 Svalbard Treaty. This latter Treaty could be invoked either through Article 31(3)(c) of the VCLT (“any relevant rules of international law…

…However, international investment law has departed from the generally accepted rules of international law on the nationality of corporate persons. Already in the 1960s, the drafters of the ICSID Convention…

…of legal rules (“a system of principles and rules of contract law which are common to existing national legal systems or best adapted to the special requirements of international commercial…

…Chamber of Commerce applicable to the Ruta del Sol 2 arbitration, there is no reference either. Other international arbitration rules, such as the ICC Rules provide in Article 8 for…

…(b) to encourage African institutions and governments to make express references to virtual hearings in arbitration rules and laws; and (c) to serve as guiding standards, principles, and provisions to…

…the NSWSC’s procedural rules, the Uniform Civil Procedure Rules 2005 (NSW) (the “UCPR”), to determine whether to pursue proceedings against the defendants for breach of confidence (among other claims). Spookfish…