…scope of the Locabail principle such that all communications for the purposes of the process of deliberation and all documents brought into existence for such purpose are immune from disclosure…

…on jurisdiction by any available process of review or appeal or by challenging the award on jurisdiction, may not later object to that tribunal’s substantive jurisdiction on a ground which…

…ICSID Secretariat is to ‘make the process increasingly time and cost effective while maintaining due process and a balance between investors and States’. The Secretariat highlighted the areas where the…

…application. This initiative follows on from the modernisation process initiated by other countries. While the proposed amendments mainly relate to the SPILA, the Federal Tribunal Act (“FTA”) and the Civil…

…of process is fundamentally important for the enforcement of treaty awards. Having an enforcement order or a writ that cannot be served is equivalent to having a cheque that cannot…

The obligation for an arbitral tribunal to deliberate before rendering an award is at the heart of the arbitral process. In fact, parties typically agree to submit their disputes to…