…independent from any firm or organisation. In the former case, arbitrators are typically subject to data security processes and policies over which they may not have any control and which…

…pay for the arbitrators’ fees and for Tampico’s legal defense costs. After a failed attempt by Alquería to set aside the award in Chile, Tampico filed an exequatur with the…

…treatment, expropriation, essential security interests and Settlement of Disputes between an Investor-and a Contracting Party”. Such interpretative notes, according to India’s Government, “would impart clarity to the interpretation of the…

The process of document production in international arbitration is important. Documentary evidence is often the primary category of evidence; and legal costs associated with it tend to constitute a significant…

…of bribery and corruption; volatility or even the total collapse of a local economy; the cancellation of concessions and contracts; political crises; and government changes. Despite the ever-present security concerns…