…clauses “help to facilitate dispute management and reduce time and costs“3)https://www.iccwbo.org/Products-and-Services/Arbitration-and-ADR/Arbitration/Standard-ICC-Arbitration-Clauses/ to the extent that if successful, litigation or arbitration can be avoided; and if unsuccessful, negotiation/conciliation encourages the parties…

…provide that investors shall be accorded fair and equitable treatment, shall enjoy full protection and security in the territory of the other contracting party, and shall not be discriminated against….

…on important topics in international arbitration related to fraud, document withholding, costs, arbitral reappointments, and diversity. This first of its kind survey research sheds light on the “invisible college” of…