…offices in their countries, or who are jurisconsults of recognized competence.” Under ICSID, arbitrators need to “be relied upon to exercise independent judgment.” UNCITRAL Rules requires arbitrators to be “independent…

…clauses due to the “obvious potential for their misuse and a consequent undermining of international cooperation.” During the International Law Commission’s discussions of exceptions to general rules of state responsibility,…

…hearings to be closed temporarily. The UNCITRAL Rules on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-State Arbitration (‘Rules on Transparency’), for example, which also provide for the presumptive openness of arbitral hearings, are…

…own rules of procedure. The current version of the Law on Arbitration stipulates that the “parties may agree on the rules of arbitration proceedings” without further referring to the rules

…investment in this case violated not only Croatian laws, but also applicable rules of international law, pursuant Article 26(6) of the ECT, which provides that disputes need to be decided…

…Austrian Supreme Court confirms that the EU competition law rules in the terms of Articles 101 and 102 TFEU form part of the national ordre public (read: public policy): “Gemäß…