…She mentioned that the New York Convention provides limited grounds for challenging arbitral awards, including awards being contrary to public policy. She then explained that there was a successful attempt…

…courts will react to blockchain-based awards in AI-related disputes. Considering the New York Convention, Hay outlined challenges in: (i) identifying an arbitral seat; (ii) lack of reasoning in self-enforceable awards;…

…scenarios for the applicability of countermeasures to protect investors’ rights. The first is in proceedings under ICSID. Russia is a signatory but not a party to the ICSID Convention, and…

…to ISDS by renegotiating IIAS and enforcing national anti-ISDS policies. Notably, Venezuela denounced the ICSID Convention in 2012, the EU banned intra-EU investment disputes in 2021, and when discussing the…